What are the stresses induced in a circular water tank?

Verified Solution✅

      The stresses induced in a circular water tank are based on the two conditions (thickness and diameter of a water tank). They are

• Thin circular tank,

• Thick circular tank.

THIN CIRCULAR TANK:

• In general, if the thickness of the wall of a circular water tank is less than 1/15th to 1/20th of its diameter, it is known as a thin circular water tank.

• In case of the thin circular water tank, the stress distribution is assumed uniform over the thickness of the wall.

• When a thin circular tank is subjected to internal fluid pressure, the stresses set up in the material of a thin circular tank are:

•  Circumferential or Hoop stress,
•  Longitudinal stress.

Circumferential or Hoop stress:

Circumferential stress or Hoop stress (σc) = Pd/(2t)

where,

• P - Internal fluid pressure in pa,
• d-  Inner diameter of a circular tank in m,
•  t- Thickness of a circular tank in m.

Longitudinal stress:

Longitudinal stress (σl) = Pd/(4t)

where, 

• P - Internal fluid pressure in pa,
• d-  Inner diameter of a circular tank in m,
• t- Thickness of a circular tank in m.

THICK CIRCULAR TANK:

• In general, if the thickness of the wall of a circular water tank is greater than 1/15th to 1/20th of its diameter, it is known as a thick circular water tank.

• When a thick circular tank is subjected to internal fluid pressure, the stresses set up in the material of a thick circular tank are:

• Radial stress,
• Axial stress (if closed),
• Tangential stress.

   

• Pi - Internal fluid pressure in pa,
• ri-  Inner radius of a circular tank in m,
• Po - External fluid pressure in pa,
• ro-  Outer radius of a circular tank in m,
• t- Thickness of a circular tank in m.

For more information, kindly go through this pdf.

SOURCE: ' Strength of Material by R.K.BANSAL'

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